Though data suggests that more Harvard undergraduates are admitted to Stillman Infirmary for alcohol intoxication or poisoning, it remains unclear whether the increase in volume means that students are drinking in greater quantities than before.

The number of undergraduate students seeking treatment for alcohol-related illnesses at University Health Services is likely to rise for the second straight academic year, according to data provided by the Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Services. The figure will likely reach roughly 200 by the end of the spring term.

If AODS’ predictions are correct, the figure represents a 43 percent increase in the past two years, marking an upward trend after a period of stabilization from 2005 to 2008.

According to Harvard officials involved in alcohol and drug education on campus, there remains no definitive reason for the up-tick in Stillman admissions, but they hypothesize that the answer lies in a combination of the College’s amnesty policy and nation-wide increase in alcohol consumption as a result of stress from the economic climate.

COLD BEERS, HARD FACTS

Among Harvard undergraduates who consider themselves drinkers, about 73 percent consume between zero and four drinks on a typical night. The remaining 27 percent of students engage in high-risk or binge drinking, according to AODS’ data, and the figure is well below the national average of college students who engage in binge or high-risk drinking.

While the number of alcohol-related hospitalizations is on the rise, the number of undergraduates who require ambulance assistance because they have reached an inordinate degree of intoxication has remained constant, hovering at around 40 cases a semester, according to AODS Director Ryan M. Travia. These students often have the highest blood alcohol levels, he added.

Despite such promising figures, more Harvard freshmen engage in “pregaming” than those at other schools nation-wide. At Harvard, 42 percent of freshmen drinkers pregame, and 39 percent of freshmen drinkers take shots—both percentages are higher than national figures.

Indeed, Travia noted that most Stillman admissions are related to the consumption of hard alcohol, often consumed during pregames.

“We have an inordinately high percentage of students that report drinking hard alcohol,” Travia said. “Virtually every single student we see at Stillman, it’s hard alcohol. Most of the time it’s shots—and if you want to be really specific, vodka.”

Still, this year’s freshman class contains a greater number of heavy drinkers, in addition to more abstainers—a description that fits the national trend, according to Travia.

“Nation-wide, we’re seeing increases at both ends of the spectrum,” he said. “We’re inheriting more students coming to Harvard that are identifying as abstainers or non-drinkers, and more students showing up who are already drinking in very problematic ways. Theoretically, some of those students at the higher end might be showing up in UHS.”

Travia said there is no clear indication that this year’s freshman class has inflated the number of students in need of care. Nevertheless, freshman have consistently comprised about half of those hospitalized for alcohol-related illnesses, continuing the pattern.

The increase in the number of students admitted to UHS for alcohol-related illness does not represent a change in the percentage breakdown by class year.

“The fact that it’s occurring through all four years means that something’s happening throughout the college,” said Director of Behavioral Health and Academic Counseling Paul J. Barreira.

AMNESTY, EDUCATION, SUCCESS?

Both Travia and Barreira emphasized the absence of data directly indicating that Harvard undergraduates were drinking in greater quantities.

“We really shouldn’t jump to the conclusion,” Travia said. “We do conduct a lot of research and we’ve got a lot of data, and we have nothing that suggests that people are drinking more dangerously.”

The efficacy of the College’s alcohol amnesty policy and education programs may account for at least part of the increase in students seeking help at Stillman, according to Travia and Barreira.

Harvard’s three-year-old amnesty policy states that any student who seeks help from UHS for alcohol-related illness will not face disciplinary action for providing or consuming alcohol, and any student who brings a friend to Stillman to be treated will also not face disciplinary consequences.

The advertisement of the amnesty policy may have made dangerously intoxicated students more willing to be brought to UHS and similarly made onlookers more comfortable with the task, according to Barreira.

Both Travia and Barreira said that programs like the Drug and Alcohol Peer Advisors program may have increased awareness of the symptoms of alcohol poisoning and of the steps that one can take when a friend is critically intoxicated.

DOWN LIKE THE ECONOMY?

In the case that the rise in Stillman admissions can be attributed to students drinking larger quantities of alcohol, one potential explanation may be the stresses created by the nation’s dismal fiscal climate.

“Even though there is a deep recession and a significant amount of unemployment, people are drinking more,” Barreira said. “The alcohol business is booming, especially the cheaper liquors.”

“I don’t know why the college campuses would be immune to that effect,” he added.

Many Harvard undergraduates would feel the stressors of the economy, said Barreira, citing concerns such as parents’ ability to afford their children’s tuition and seniors’ employment prospects upon graduation.

Still, Barreira and Travia said that they have not yet found the key to understanding what has caused the increase in alcohol-related illness admissions to Stillman.

“We’re going to continue to gather our research and data, and continue to do what we do, encouraging students to make healthy choices,” Travia said.

—Staff writer Sofia E. Groopman can be reached at segroopm@fas.harvard.edu.