VG: That's a very important component at Harvard...I expect leadership,challenges and a moral, intellectual stance from Harvard, Harvard's leaders toprovide leadership to higher education and K-12 education. Harvard of the 21st centuryhas to continue to provide ourcountry with intellectual leadership, educational leadership. We have plentyof managers. We don't have many leaders.

Because of its eminent position,Harvard can influence [the nation] by taking dramatic stances. On issues important to thenation--public education, ethics in government, problems of world poverty,foundations of democracy and dignity, issues of endemic poverty--ithas to put those issues on the nation's agenda.

THC: And you don't think we're doing this now?

VG: ...I think the Kennedy School does an adequate job. I think Neil Rudenstine has tried and done some good. But I'm talking about Harvard only speaking out occasionally. Whatever Harvard does has an impact on the rest of higher education. Harvard has to speakout.

It's not only Harvard, but all of us [universities]. We're involved in fundraising, alumniaffairs. All of us, the [university] presidents in the same category. Sometimes we forgetthe nation's affairs. It's urgent that presidents of Harvard speak up becauseof anti-intellectualism in the country.

There is a great deal of disdain,and therefore we have to reassert our moral authority. Moral authorityshould not be left for religious leaders alone. As educators, we have anobligation to set the moral tone of the nation.

THC: Can you elaborate?

VG:...Wecrave values. We crave meaning. We crave leadership. Education is not justtraining people... Academics have become isolationists. Generation X appliesto faculties of universities, not just students.

For the health of our universities,they have to lead rather than purely manage.Especially Harvard, being the best and most renowned, has this obligation thrust upon it. With power comes responsibility. That responsibility is not to Harvard alone, but tothe nation and the world.

I believe higher education should be higher education not h-i-r-e education. If you haveh-i-r-e education, you constantly have to re-train people...There are intrinsic qualities thatcannot be quantified... a cultured mind. Education is sometimes great for its ownsake. The emphasis should not be on earning power alone. That's not what education is about.