When Riley first became chief in 1997, he said,"we tried to find creative ways of changing thedepartment."

Riley said he redefined the lieutenants'positions by giving them autonomy during specificpatrol shifts.

From several of the lieutenants, Riley said, heencountered resistance to his assessment of howthe department should be run.

Internal Affairs

And according to Kelling's study, thatresistance was not limited to the upper echelonsof the HUPD.

Trained with officers bound for L.A. and NewYork, HUPD cops fresh out of police academies wereoften frustrated with the nature of campus lawenforcement.

The tension between HUPD veterans attached tomore aggressive policing methods and Riley'sdesire for community policing has rankled thedepartment in the past several years, according toKelling.

Those veterans comprise a quarter to a third ofthe officers and much of the ranks of thedepartment's middle management, Kelling's reportsays.

Additionally, Kelling concluded, severalcurrent officers who were hired during the tenureof former HUPD chief Paul Johnson are "insecure intheir police roles" because of HUPD's status as acollege police agency and the officers' officialassociation with the University's civiliansecurity guards.

Further separating them from their big-citycounterparts, a decline in campus crime and theunusual nature of campus policing has left manyenthusiastic officers without much professionalpolicing to do.

"Again and again, I have ridden with officerswho literally ache for a `good' call," Kellingwrote in his report.

Another source of poor morale for officers isRiley's insistence that HUPD officers not involvethemselves in crime-fighting situations outsideHarvard's jurisdiction, with the exception ofcases immediately threatening life or property.

Since Harvard borders high-crime areas likeCambridge Common and the Square, the temptationsfor off-campus policing are great for HUPDofficers.

Recently, Cambridge Police Department officershave complained that HUPD officers are encroachingon city territory--violating state jurisdictionallaws and Riley's internal regulations.

A Day in the Life