"It's a really slow-growing cancer," said Dr. Roy M. Ambinder, a clinical oncologist.

If the cancer spreads to other parts of the body before doctors can detect it, the chance of survival over five years is around 31 percent. The surgery will help doctors determine the extent of Fineberg's cancer.

Wrinn said Fineberg, who is also a medical doctor, is an example of the importance of early detection and preventive medicine.

"He appreciates the value of regular checkups," Wrinn said. "[He's] an example of how...prevention can increase your chances of getting over something like this."

But Thompson said the news of Fineberg's condition is particularly sad considering the time of year.

"It's not what you like to have at the holidays," he said.

In a letter to his associates, Fineberg said, "I will miss joining many of you in the holiday festivities that mark this time of year. My thoughts and best wishes are with you now, and I look forward to being back with you in the New Year."

"We are of course very concerned," Wald said. "We are wishing Harvey a speedy recovery and our thoughts are with him."