"Because Cornell was so isolated, we never had a situation where the cops came down on us; there was never the kind of crunch that other campuses faced," Murray says.

At Wisconsin, the fight to establish Black studies fueled the movement for a variety of other student causes, eventually resulting in large-scale student protests against the war in Vietnam and the draft.

During the spring and fall of 1969, Wisconsin students held one-day moratoriums where "we demanded that the school close and professors who held classes should discuss what the war meant," Meade says.

Violence, too, marked the protests at Wisconsin, as they had at Harvard and other campuses. "Whenever there was a demonstration, they did not hesitate to bring in the national guard," says Meade.

"In 1970, it became increasingly more violent," Meade says. "I'd never heard of Kent State until that happened," she says, adding, "it scared me a lot, and I was just shocked because they could have shot me."

"Sometimes when I heard something, it was so incredible, I didn't know if I should believe it," Meade says.

The Kent State shootings in 1970 shocked the country and blasted through the illusions of the student protesters whose numbers had swelled as the Vietnam war became more and more unpopular.

But the events at Harvard were perhaps an earlier foreshadowing of the violence to come. The tactics used by the police in arresting the student occupiers of University Hall were widely condemned as excessive and brutal, but Harvard administrators defended the actions, saying that the protesters had threatened the University's basic ability to continue.

"We felt that Harvard was an imperialist force in Cambridge and one of our chants was, 'U.S. out of Vietnam, Harvard out of Cambridge,'" says Temma Kaplan, who was arrested in the University Hall bust. "We had a very strong sense that Harvard was complicitous in the war in Vietnam," she adds.

Kaplan, now director of the Barnard Center for Research on Women, wrote for the The Old Mole, an alternative, progressive newspaper on campus that published daily during the takeover.

During the takeover, Kaplan says, "we sort of hoped that [Pusey] would send in the police," although, she adds, "we were a little scared." But, she says, "we saw these guys with shields and we started to giggle because we didn't see ourselves as a threat."

"The police were completely horrible. They played their role to the hilt and they beat up everybody. It was a textbook case of police brutality," says Weiner. "Their strategy was to send in the cops when there would be the fewest witnesses--at 5 a.m."

But despite the violence that shocked the Harvard community, Weiner says the upheaval caused by the SDS takeover here was an important step for the national student movement. He says, "If anti-war students could shut down Harvard, the most prestigious university in the country, then the student anti-war movement was a force to be reckoned with."