The dean also said that while she favors experimentation in alternative teacher certification, the Bush proposal might present certain problems. Under the new program, people who have mastered a subject in their profession can bypass certification programs and teach without training.

Graham said that the places in need of teachers are frequently the places where it is difficult to teach children. She said that teachers in these areas not only need to know the material, but should also be trained in teaching methods.

Although the budget may be changed before it becomes law, there is no timetable for when those changes may occur, congressional officials said. Under current laws, Congress must have a budget by the end of the fiscal year in September. The debate over the budget should start to heat up next week when Congress returns from recess, they said.

One issue likely to arise is how Bush will pay for his new programs. The president has been criticized in the past week for being too vague about where the money will come from, as well as to where it will go.

"The administration has proposed new education programs costing about $440 million," said Augustus F. Hawkins (D-Calif.), chair of the House Education and Labor Committee. "I am concerned about the financing methods of these efforts. I cannot see how you could pay for these initiatives without making critical budget cuts in other education and domestic programs."

While no one would predict how well Bush's education proposals will fare in Congress, both the president and legislators have expressed a willingness to work together. Congressional officials said that they expected Congress to come up with its budget by late spring.

Federal Funding For Major Student Aid Programs (In millions of dollars) Appropriation FY 1988  Appropriation FY 1989  Proposed FY 1990 Pell Grants  4260.4  4483.9  4740.0 Guaranteed Student Loans (GSL)  2565.0  3174.4  2962.5 Work-Study  588.2  610.1  610.1 Supplemental Grants  408.4  438.0  452.9 Perkins Loans  210.6  205.5  22.0 Income Contingent Loans (ICL)  4.3  4.9  20.0