IV

CALKINS spent his first few years in Cleveland earning a position as partner in the Jones, Day, Cockley, and Reavis law firm. He started work for the firm in 1951 and was made a partner seven years later. Along the way, he married a Radcliffe alumna in 1953 and joined a host of civic activities in Cleveland and his suburban home of Shaker Heights.

Aside from his role in local good-government organizations. Calkins' first real fame came in 1960, when he was appointed deputy director of the President's Commission on National Goals.

The Commission was one of the last acts of the Eisenhower Administration, and it was charged with coming up with a set of targets and guidelines for the nation's next decade of development. The deadline for its report was January, 1961.

William P. Bundy, later of the State Department, was the Commission's director. Calkins says that Bundy asked him to be his deputy "after he tried several other people and found that none of them could do it."

In its year of study, the Commission was supposed to find answers to questions like 'how can individual well-being, health, and initiative be nurtured without too much central control and authority?" and "How can the United States, now leader of the world , meet the Communist challenge while working toward a better life for all?"

The section of the report that undoubtedly influenced Calkins the most, however, was its study of American school systems. After his work with the Commission was done, Calkins returned to Cleveland and began a long campaign to improve the city's schools.

In 1961 and 1962, Calkins gave speeches urging Ohioans to pay more attention to their schools. Through 1963 and 1964, he directed a sweeping citizens'-committee study of some of the detailed problems the Cleveland schools faced. And in 1965, he won a seat on the Cleveland School Board in the hardest-fought school board election that most Clevelanders can remember.

(Tomorrow: Calkins' campaign for the school board, and how his views apply to Harvard; at home with the Calkinses; how Hugh Calkins slipped into the Harvard power elite.)