Goodin said he would gauge the final success of his program at the Cambridge Community Center by the community's final rejection of outside help. He said that the program's action should not extend beyond teaching residents the practical details of running a volunteer program. The program's eventual goal is one of self-annihilation. The Roxbury Education Program and the Roosevelt Towers Project have the same goal.

Catalyst

The phasing out of these programs involves acting as a catalyst in community organization. The aim is the development of more community pride and power. In largely black communities, this amounts to the black power ethic. Many of the PBH leaders see the need for black volunteers to work with black children in order to establish a positive racial identity. But there are very few black volunteers in PBH.

"Most black students either have no energy to expand beyond adjusting to the Harvard dsituation or are already so angry that PBH will not attract them," said Barnes. Another PBH executive, Petri, expanded on this to say that "while the middle class Harvard student is used to minor change and will accept it whether he wants more or not, a student coming from an environment where things are blatantly wrong will demand changes in the entire system." These students are turning to SDS and Afro.

Tutoring

Afro has started a tutoring program at the Cambridge Community Center. Howard said, "I wouldn't condemn the PBH programs in black communities to the point of saying get the hell out of there, but they should be black." He said, however, the white program directors have no place in the black community because "they don't have any understanding of the problems of blacks and can act as the condescending great white father."

Profit, a PBH chairman and a member of Afro, said a "false wall" had been erected between the two organizations. He went on to say, "Afro is convinced that all Negro problems differ from those faced by every other ghetto group, while PBH acts as if all problems were purely economic and environmental and do not differ when a racial dimension is added."

With the growth of black consciousness, however, it may become more and more difficult for the white volunteer to function effectively in the black community. "All hell will break loose when black consciousness filters down to the kids--but by the time it's that great there will be enough black volunteers," said Howard.

By that time, PBH volunteers may be out of Harvard and in the real world. As one PBH executive explained, "We do not want to turn out businessmen who write checks for charity."

An "Association Committee," which includes ten professionals from the Boston area, was set up this year to analyze PBH programs and to recommend changes for their improvement.

For the first time, PBH also instituted a series of "Cabinet Seminars" to discuss topics which integrate the volunteer's work into wider considerations of change. One of these, "The Role of the Volunteer in Institutional Change" reviewed case studies of five PBH programs. Barbara Sard '68, chairman of the seminar, said "There were no real solutions, but we were able to clarify the kinds of barriers students face in attempting to produce significant change."

Executives

Certain PBH executives are also working with other students and faculty members to persuade the University to offer more courses for credit that pertain to contemporary issues.

PBH is struggling to attain a new social and political relevance. Realizing that the era of the white missionary is dead, it is looking to justify its work in a new and more real way. Its activism within the system may be successful; if not, PBH may in the end be forced into radicalism like that of Afro or SDS