F. W. Burlingham and Galloupe Morton.

Question: Resolved, That the bounty system as included in the McKinley tariff act should be extended. Best general reference: speech of O'Donnell in Cong. Record 1890, Vol. IX, p. 4433: Paddock in Cong. Record, 1890, Vol. XVIII, p. 10391.

I. The bounty system is the least burdensome form of protection.

a. Present system advocated especially by Hamilton: Hamilton's Works, Vol. III, p. 367, 378, 402, 403.

b. Bounties not a new and untried system: Allison in Cong. Record, Oct. 1st, 1890, p. 11701.

c. Bounties increase production of beet root sugar enormously: D. A. Wells: Recent economic changes, 129 and 301.

II. The bounty system is constitutional.

a. Constitution, article I, Sec. 8, p. 1.

b. It is for the general welfare: Hamilton's Works, III, 371; Evarts Cong. Record, Sept. 9, 1999, p. 10731; Allison in Cong. Record, Oct. 1, 1890, p. 11700.

III. This sugar bounty is specially unobjectionable.

a. The people will pay a tax only on one-tenth of sugar consumed.

b. The established Louisiana sugar producers will be able to continue operations: Allison in Cong. Record Oct. 1, 1890, p. 11700.

c. The beet root sugar industry will be encouraged: Hamilton's Works, III, 370; Cannon in Cong. Record, May 21, 1800, p. 5240.

d. The duty on refined sugar is materially lessened: Tariff bill; Cong. Record, Sept. 28, 1890, p. 11564.

e. Free raw material is furnished our refiners here: Cong. Record, Sept. 28, 1890, p. 11564.

f. Sugar which can be directly consumed is admitted free: Sherman in Cong. Record, Sept. 9, 1890, p. 10716.

g. Bounty will enable producers here to compete in the home market.

h. Refiners and beet root sugar refiners will be able to carry on a larger business with smaller propotional capital: Sherman in Cong. Record, Sept. 9, 1890, p. 10717; Willett and Gray, Statistics.

i. Lower prices, increasing consumption will enlarge the entire industry: Evarts, Cong. Record, Sept. 9, 1890, p. 10731, Willett and Gray, statistics.

IV. The same principle may be applied to other articles such as tin plate.

BRIEF FOR NEGATIVE.F. R. Clow and L. H. Roots.

Best general references: Lalor's Cyclopedia of Political Science, II, 99 (article on Encouragement of Industry by the State); David A. Wells, Recent Economic changes, 126, 130, 195, 323; Debate in the Senate, January 17, 19, 1889, printed in Congressional Record, Vol. 20, pp. 891 et seg.; Tariff Reform, (periodical) III, No. 72, (Sugar and the Tariff, by J. Alex. Lindquist.)

I. The bounty system is in principle disadvantageous to the country adopting it. 1. It is a heavy expense to the government. 2. It disturbs natural and healthy growth of industry, by

a. Promoting speculation.

b. Causing alternate over-production and under-production; and

c. Destroying natural production.

3. Bounties are never permanently efficacious.

a. Only exceptionally are bounties of even temporary service.

b. They cannot make an unprofitable industry permanently profitable.

c. Bounties are especially unnecessary for the promotion of any profitable industry in a country so rich, intelligent, and enterprising as the United States.

II. Even the supporters of the sugar bounties declare that the system ought not to be extended: Sherwin's speech in the Senate, Jan. 17, 1889, Eng. Record, Vol. 20, part I, p. 893.

III. Bounties are in fact unnecessary even to develop the sugar industry: Tariff Reform (periodical).

a. Factories are already successfully operating in the United States, and have proven that the United States has as great natural advantage in sugar production as any other country.

b. Having already passed successfully the critical point of beginning the plea of "aid to infant industry" is not pertinent.

c. The sugar industry will have a more natural and healty growth without government aid or influence.

IV. Since the present bounty system is not advantageous, it ought not to be extended.

V. These conclusions are supported by the experience of France, Germany, Italy, Belgium, Russia, England, the United States and other countries, with regard to all bounties, including those on sugar.