MOSCOW, Feb. 5--Soviet government officials laid down the line today for a cutback in the rate of Russia's industrial growth and a slight reduction in direct defense expenditures for 1957.

Economic boss Mikhail G. Pervukhin and Finance Minister Arseny G. Zverev outlined the plans at the opening session of a semi-annual meeting of the Supreme Soviet, Russia's Parliament.

Zverev presented a 614, million-ruble budget, the biggest in Soviet history. Direct defense expenditures proposed this year are down a billion rubles from the announced outlay for 1956.

Zverev told the deputies, who will automatically approve the budget, the defense cuts "represent the Soviet Union's desire to reduce its armed forces."

Dulles States Principles

WASHINGTON, Feb. 5--Secretary of State Dulles said today the Eisenhower administration will never allow Russian threats to frighten it from proceeding with any policy it believes right in the Middle East or elsewhere.

Dulles said to abandon a policy because of fear of what Russia might do would in effect permit the Kremlin to dictate American actions.

Dulles told newsmen he had good grounds for hoping Israel would comply with the latest United Nations withdrawal of all Israeli forces from Egypt's Gulf of Aqaba as well as the Gaza Strip.

Electronic Revolution

CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Feb. 5--Use of incredibly tiny "cryotrons" in place of tubes and transistors in new Massachusetts Institute of Technology computer research was announced by that institution today as a major contribution to a "revolution" in electronics.

A hundred cyrotrons can fit into a thimble. Cryotrons are little coils of hair-thin wire wrapped around a piece of straight wire.