Question: "Resolved, That the Cabinet System of Government better represents the people's will than the Congressional System."

Brief for the Affirmative.

F. C. THWAITS and J. WIGGIN.

Best general references: Bagehot. English Constitution, Chap 1 and 2; Bryce's Amer. Com, Chaps. 9, 16, 25; Wilson's State, S S 651-726; Gladstone in N. A. R., Vol. 127, (Sept. 1878) 179-212: Bradford in N. A. R., Vol. 118. (Jan. 1874) 1-23; Contemp. Rev., XLVIII, (Dec. 1853) 864-875; Annals of Amer. Acad., II, no 3, (Nov. 1891); I, (July 1890) 1-25; W. Wilson in Int. Rev. VII, (Aug. 1879) 146-163; Nat. Rev. XIX, (Nov. 1864) 1-27; Labor I, 388 394; Ency Brit., XI, 12-14.

I. Under the Cabinet system, the party in power must carry out the policy for which it is elected: Wilson, Con. Gov't., 270 293; Bagehots, 32-34 - (a) Responsibility is immediately located: Wilson's State, S S 686-88; N. A. R., Vol. 128, (Feb. 1879), 130-134 - (b) Tenure of office depends upon the will of the people: N. A. R., Vol., 127, (Oct. 1878) 192 193

II. The Cabinet system secures a uniform and progressive legislative policy: Bradford, Practical workings of our Gov't. 8; Bryce, Chap. 16.

III. It produces better legislation: N. A. R., Vol. 118. (Feb. 1879) 115. - (a) Important measures are given prompt attention: Contemp. Rev., XLVIII. (Dec. 1885) 870. - (1) They are well formulated. - (2) They cannot be smothered in a committee. - (3) They are not crowded out at the end of the session. - (b) There is an effective opposition which insures thorough examination and discussion of all measures: N. A. Rev, Vol. 118, (Jan. 1874) 14-16; Int. Rev. VII, (Aug. 1879), 132.

IV. It harmonizes the executive and legislative departments of the Government: Wilson's Cong. Gov't., 278; Int. Rev. VIL, (Aug. 1879) 150-51; N. A. Rev., Vol. 127, (Sep. 1878), 202-204.

Brief for the Negative.W. N. COTTRELL AND B. II ROUNSAVILLE

Best general references: Sidgewick's Elements of Politics, - 403-420; Bryce's Amer. Commonwealth I. ch. IX; Dr. Snow in Amer. Hist. Asso'n Papers IV. 107-128; A. Lawrence Lowell's Essay's on Government; Hare's Const. Law L. 175-180.

I. The Cabinet System tends towards dangerous concentration of power: - (a) The members are chosen from the two legislative branches: Sidgewick's Elements of Politics, 403. - (b) Single assembly in England free to exercise full powers over the constitution: Amer. Hist. Ass'n Papers, IV. III - (c) The cabinet system has practically deposed Parliament of legislative initiative: ibid, 117.

II. The congressional system better secures primary representation. - (a) Members chosen from the people: Hinsdale's Amer. Gov. 278 - (b) They are constantly guided by public opinion: Bryce VI. 254. - (c) They are directly responsible to the nation: Hinsdale, 279.

III. The Congressional system is a better representation of the popular will: Amer. Hist, Ass 'n Papers IV. III. - (a) It presents better safeguards against demagogism: ibid. 118, A. Lawrence Lowell's Essays on Gov. 31. - (b) It distributes the results of responsibility: Hinsdale's Amer. Gov. 279 - (c) It is at once more conservative and more democratic: Amer. Hist. Ass'n Papers IV. 118. - (d) It is better adapted to the United States: Lowell's Essays on Gov. 22.